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In the context of sharia, Malik ibn Anas and the Hanafi scholars are assumed to have differentiated between the two: for example Malik is said to have rejected some traditions that reached him because, according to him, they were against the "established practice of the people of Medina". According to Seyyed Nasr, the hadith contains the words of Muhammad, while the sunnah contains his words and actions along with pre-Islamic practices of which he approved. In the context of biographical records of Muhammad, sunnah often stands synonymous with hadith since most of the personality traits of Muhammad are known from descriptions of him, his sayings and his actions from hadith. It was first used with the meaning of "law" in the Syro-Roman law book before it became widely used in Islamic jurisprudence. either before or after he became a prophet, of his statements, actions, confirmations, biography, and his physical character and attributes," (used by scholars of hadith). "anything narrated from or about the Prophet."the statements, actions and approvals (or disapprovals) of Prophet Muhammad", (definition used by "legal theorists").Islam Web gives two slightly different definitions: "the actions and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad" (Oxford Islamic Studies Online)."the body of traditional social and legal custom and practice of the Islamic community" (Encyclopædia Britannica)."All of the traditions and practices of the Prophet" of Islam, "that have become models to be followed" by Muslims (M.A.Qazi)."the Sunna of the Prophet, i.e., his sayings and doings, later established as legally binding precedents" (along with the Law established by the Quran) (Hans Wehr)."precedent" or "way of life" (pre-Islamic definition, Joseph Schacht and Ignác Goldziher)."a path, a way, a manner of life" (M.A.Qazi)."a body of established customs and beliefs that make up a tradition" (Oxford Islamic Studies Online)."habitual practice, customary procedure or action, norm, usage sanctioned by tradition" (Wehr Dictionary)."habit" or "usual practice" (USC glossary) also.Sunnah ( سنة, plural سنن sunan ) is an Arabic word that means 3 Alternatives to classical hadith based sunnah.In Islam, the word " sunnah" is also used to refer to religious duties that are optional, such as Sunnah salat. The sunnah of Muhammad as based on hadith includes his specific words ( Sunnah Qawliyyah), habits, practices ( Sunnah Fiiliyyah), and silent approvals ( Sunnah Taqririyyah). Recording the sunnah was also an Arabian tradition and once they converted to Islam, Arabians brought this custom to their religion. The term al-sunnah then eventually came to be viewed as synonymous with the sunnah of Muhammad, based on hadith reports. The classical meaning that now prevails was introduced later in the late second century of Islam, when under the influence of the scholar Al-Shafi‘i, Muhammad's example as recorded in hadith was given priority over all other precedents set by other authorities. In addition, the Sunnah of the Prophet was not necessarily associated with hadith. During the early Islamic period, the term referred to any good precedent set by people of the past, including both Muhammad, and his companions. In the pre-Islamic period, sunnah was used to mean "manner of acting", whether good or bad.

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Sunnah provides a basis not only for major laws and rituals in Islam like how to pray salat, but for "even the most mundane activities", such as the order in which to cut fingernails or the proper length of a beard.

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Differing from Sunni classical Islamic theories are those of Shia Muslims, who hold that the Twelve Imams interpret the sunnah, and Sufi who hold that Muhammad transmitted the values of Sunnah "through a series of Sufi teachers." Īccording to Muslim belief, Muhammad was the best exemplar for Muslims, and several verses in the Quran declare his conduct exemplary, and enjoin his followers to obey him.

According to classical Islamic theories, the sunnah are documented by hadith (the verbally transmitted record of the teachings, deeds and sayings, silent permissions or disapprovals of Muhammad), and along with the Quran (the book of Islam), are the divine revelation ( Wahy) delivered through Muhammad that make up the primary sources of Islamic law and belief/theology. The sunnah is what all the Muslims of Muhammad's time evidently saw and followed and passed on to the next generations. In Islam, Sunnah ( Arabic: سنة, sunnah) are the traditions and practices of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, that constitute a model for Muslims to follow.